Fixture is a kind of technological equipment for clamping workpieces, which is widely used in the cutting process, heat treatment, assembly, welding and inspection of mechanical manufacturing process. The fixtures used on metal cutting machine tools are collectively called machine tool fixtures.
First, the role ofmachine tool fixtures in processing.
The role of machine tool fixtures is:
(1) To ensure processing accuracy
The maximum function of the fixture is to ensure the position accuracy of the processed surface.
(2) Improve productivity and reduce production costs
Quickly position and clamp the workpiece, eliminating the need for alignment, tool setting, etc., shortening the auxiliary time, improving the yield and reducing the cost.
(3) Expand the processing range of the machine tool
If a boring fixture is added to the lathe, boring processing can be completed.
(4)Reduce labor intensity
Second. Fixture and composition
1. Machine tool fixture
A device used to clamp a workpiece on a machine tool. Its function is to make the workpiece have a correct processing position relative to the machine tool or knife, and keep this position unchanged during processing.
2. Basic concepts of clamping, positioning and clamping
Clamping: The operation process of positioning and clamping the workpiece on the machine tool or the clamp.
Positioning: The operation process of making a batch of workpieces in the correct processing position on the machine tool or fixture relative to the tool.
Clamping: After the workpiece is positioned in the fixture, it is pressed and clamped firmly so that the workpiece always maintains the correct processing position obtained during positioning during the processing process.
Third. Classification of machine tool fixtures:
1. According to the scope of use:
1) General fixture;
2) Special fixture;
3) Combined fixture;
4) Group fixture;
5) Accompanying fixture.
2. The workpiece occupies a correct position on the fixture through the positioning element
3. The workpiece is ensured to maintain the original correct position during the processing through the clamping element
4. The fixture maintains the correct position relative to the tool through the tool setting element
5. The fixture maintains a correct position relative to the machine tool through the connecting element
6. The fixture passes other devices to complete other requirements
7. The clamp specifically combines the above components into a whole.