Stacker is the core equipment of the whole automated warehouse. At present, stacker is widely used in machinery manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, textile industry, railway, cigarette, medicine and other industries in China.Through manual operation, semi-automatic operation or fully automatic operation, goods can be transported from one place to another.The following are the aspects of stacker application:
1、 Stacker in rail tunnel
The rail tunnel stacking crane is the most important lifting and transportation equipment in the three-dimensional warehouse, and it is the symbol representing the characteristics of the three-dimensional warehouse.Its main purpose is to run along the track in the roadway of high-rise shelf warehouse, store the goods at the gateway into the cargo compartment; or on the contrary, take out the goods in the cargo compartment and transport them to the gateway to complete the warehousing operation.
There are many ways to classify the stacker in the track roadway. In the current application of three-dimensional warehouse, the most common way to classify the stacker is according to the structure and running track.
The stacker is the main machine of the complete set of equipment in the stereoscopic warehouse. It is a kind of lifting machine running on the track. It can move back and forth in three-dimensional space (walking, lifting, two-way stretching) according to a certain sequence, so as to complete the work of loading unit or picking goods.
It is mainly composed of 12 parts, such as cab, fork device, loading platform assembly, upper beam assembly, rope loosening and overload device, rope breaking safety protection device, column assembly, lifting device, electrical device, operating mechanism, lower beam assembly, name plate and on-board tools.
The driver’s cab is installed on the loading platform, and the electric control cabinet, lighting lamp and driver’s seat of the stacker are installed in the cab.The loading platform assembly is mainly composed of guide wheel frame, loading platform body, guide seat, supporting wheel device and pulley block; it is equipped with fork device, broken rope protection device, lifting main side guide wheel, driver’s cab, lifting identification device, abnormal cargo position detection device, etc.
2、 Double column stacker
The frame of double column stacker consists of two columns, upper beam and lower beam to form a rectangular frame.The column forms are square tube and round tube.The square tube is also used as the lifting guide rail, and the round tube is added with the lifting guide rail.The biggest advantage of double column stacker is that it has good strength and rigidity, and runs smoothly.
Generally, the stacker with high lifting height, large lifting capacity and high horizontal running speed adopts double column structure.The lifting mechanism of double column stacker generally adopts chain drive, and the chain wheel is driven by the motor reducer to rotate, which leads the loading platform to move up and down along the column or the guide rail of the crane.
Due to the limitation of space size, the transmission and arrangement of chain traction platform or counterweight device are more complex, but the positioning is more accurate.
3、 Single column stacker
The frame of stacker with single column structure is composed of a column and a lower beam.The columns are mostly made of large H-shaped steel or welded, and the guide rails are attached to the columns.The whole machine is light in weight and consumes less materials, so the manufacturing cost is relatively low, but the rigidity is slightly poor.
Due to the eccentric effect of the loading platform and goods on the column, as well as the horizontal inertial force generated during walking and braking, the single column stacker has limitations in use.It is not suitable for the stacker with large lifting weight and high horizontal running speed.
The hoisting structure of single column stacker generally adopts wire rope drive. The motor reducer drives the drum to rotate, and the wire rope pulls the loading platform to move up and down along the column or hoisting rail.For wire rope transmission, transmission and layout are relatively easy, but positioning accuracy is slightly poor.
The horizontal driving device of the stacker is generally installed on the lower beam of the stacker, and the wheel is driven by the motor reducer to make the stacker run along the horizontal direction.This kind of ground driving mode is most commonly used.Generally, two load-bearing wheels are used to run along the track (usually also called ground track) laid on the ground.
The lower two groups of horizontal wheels run along the track, and the upper two groups of guide wheels run along the upper track (usually also called the sky track) to guide.According to its running track form, there are two types of stacker: straight running stacker and curve running stacker.
4、 Linear stacker
The linear stacker can only run on the linear track in the roadway, and can not transfer the track by itself.The roadway can only be changed by other conveying equipment, such as stacker transfer truck.Linear stacker can achieve high-speed operation, and can meet the high frequency of warehouse operation, so it is widely used.
5、 Curve type stacker
The wheel and the lower cross beam of the curve type stacker are hinged through the vertical axis, which can run on the circular or other curve track, that is, it can walk the curve, and it can be transferred from one roadway to another without other conveying equipment.This kind of stacker is usually also called the transit stacker.
The curve running stacker has limitations in use, and is only suitable for the three-dimensional warehouse with low frequency of warehousing.Because not only the site is limited by the turning radius, but also the turning speed is very slow, which can not meet the requirements of high frequency of warehouse operation.
As an important transportation equipment in the warehouse, the selection of technical parameters of stacker will directly affect the operation efficiency and economic benefits of the whole warehouse.Reasonable selection of various parameters will greatly improve the operation efficiency and economic benefits of the whole system.During the high-speed operation and lifting of the stacker, especially at the same time, due to the friction between the wheel and the track, and the vibration and friction of the lifting chain or wire rope, a large noise will be produced.According to the standard, when the stacker is working, its noise value is not higher than 84 dB.At present, the practical application of three-dimensional warehouse shows that the walking speed is not more than 80 m / min, but more than 100 m / min, generally difficult to guarantee.